Mekanisme Denda Yang Adil Dalam Pembiayaan Akad Bai' Bitsman Ajil: Perspektif Ekonomi Islam

Abstrak

Bai' Bithaman Ajil (BBA) is one of the financing instruments widely
applied in the Islamic financial system, where buyers purchase
goods with deferred payments in the form of installments. Despite
offering a flexible financing alternative, the main challenge in the
implementation of BBA contracts is a fair penalty mechanism,
especially in the context of late payments by debtors. This research
aims to explore a penalty mechanism that complies with Islamic
economic principles, focusing on fairness, transparency, and
avoiding usury. In Islamic economics, fines must be compensatory,
proportionate, and not become an additional burden that harms the
debtor. A fair fine mechanism must also pay attention to flexibility
for customers experiencing economic difficulties, and avoid
exploitation practices. This research uses a literature review
approach and systematic analysis of relevant literature, with the aim
of formulating policies that support more inclusive and equitable
Islamic financing practices. The results show that the application of
fines in BBA must consider the principles of justice, transparency,
and the principle of rahmah in Islam, in order to create a balance
between rights and obligations, and maintain social welfare. The
implementation of a fair penalty mechanism is not only important to
ensure contract compliance, but also to create trust between Islamic
financial institutions and customers